[Iron deficiency anemia in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Case report].

Rendu-Osler-Weber disease or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disease. It is characterized by vascular dysplasia with the formation of telangiectasias on the skin, mucous membranes of the respiratory and digestive tracts, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the internal organs, which is manifested by bleeding. Diagnosis is based on Curacao criteria: recurrent and spontaneous nosebleeds, multiple telangiectases on the characteristic localizations, AVMs in one or more of the internal organs, a family history of HHT (i.e. first-degree relative who meets these same criteria for definite HHT). Therapy is aimed at preventing and stopping gastrointestinal, nosebleeds, correction of iron deficiency anemia. A promising method of therapy is the use of angiogenesis inhibitors, in particular bevacizumab. The article presents a description of a clinical case of HHT in a 49-year-old woman with telangiectisia on the mucous membrane of the tongue, gastrointestinal tract and liver AVMs.

[Nasointestinal intubation in the treatment of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction]. / Nazointestinal'naya intubatsiya v lechenii ostroi spaechnoi tonkokishechnoi neprokhodimosti.

Proximal gastrointestinal decompression is essential in the treatment of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction. Improvement of endoscopic methods, surgical instruments and radiological methods of control makes it possible to timely assess lavage and intra-intestinal therapy. The review presents current views on upper gastrointestinal decompression and other options for the treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction.

[New approaches in conservative treatment of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction]. / Novye podkhody v konservativnom lechenii ostroi spaechnoi tonkokishechnoi neprokhodimosti.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the outcomes of therapy of acute adhesive small bowel obstruction via development of a comprehensive management including CT, deep endoscopy-assisted nasointestinal drainage of small bowel with injection of a water-soluble contrast. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 128 patients with acute adhesive small bowel obstruction for the period from 2015 to 2018. The study included 2 groups of patients depending on therapeutic approach and duration of treatment. In the first group, conventional approach for acute adhesive small bowel obstruction was applied. Upon admission, all patients with confirmed acute adhesive small bowel obstruction underwent gastric intubation for decompression of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Barium sulfate injection followed by X-ray examination was performed to assess an effectiveness of therapy. In the second group, computed tomography was performed in addition to X-ray examination and ultrasound. Moreover, conservative treatment included deep endoscopy-assisted nasointestinal drainage and subsequent administration of a water-soluble contrast in addition to traditional approaches. RESULTS: Therapy was effective in 99 (71.2%) patients; 39 (28.8%) ones required surgery. Deep endoscopy-assisted nasointestinal drainage with injection of a water-soluble contrast was effective in 45 (78.9%) patients. Overall mortality in traditional approach was 1.4%, postoperative mortality - 3.7%. There were no lethal outcomes in case of a new approach. CONCLUSION: Deep endoscopy-assisted nasointestinal drainage with injection of a water-soluble contrast is the most effective therapeutic method for acute adhesive small bowel obstruction (78.9%). These findings can significantly improve treatment outcomes in these patients.

[Endoscopic pancreatic stenting in pancreatic fistulas management]. / Endoskopicheskoe transpapillyarnoe pankreaticheskoe stentirovanie v lechenii svishchei podzheludochnoi zhelezy (s kommentariem A.G. Krigera).

AIM: To present 18-year experience of endoscopic transpapillary stenting in patients with pancreatic fistula. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 48 patients with pancreatic fistula resistant to conservative management. Pancreatic stenting was successful in 32 (66.7%) patients. In 30 (93.8%) of them stenting appeared as the final stage of pancreatic fistula treatment. RESULTS: Inclidence of complications after endoscopic treatment was 4.2%. We evaluated long-term results in 23 cases within 8-184 months. There were good results in 21 (91.3%) cases and satisfactory - in 2 (8.7%) cases. We had not unsatisfactory results in our experience.